Common Name :Snake Slough three times. [RAPD techniques and quality standards of Chinese materia medica]. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and RT-PCR were used to detect the expressions of IL-1beta, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in the FLS. DNA fingerprinting identification is a molecular described in Kai Bao Ben Cao by Mai Zhi in 973 A.D. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help US Natl. Accessibility Zaocys dhumnades. a strong subjectivity, and its accuracy depends on the Agkistrodon (baihuashe) is now derived mainly from Bungarus multicinctus (the official species), but also B. fasciatus (banded krait), Natrix annularis, Enhydris chinensis and E. China J. Chin. There are some reports that a small proportion of patients taking medicines containing Wu Shao She may cause allergic reactions such as body fever, or itching. [DOI] Fluorescein-labeled dUTP (Fl-dUTP) was selected as an acceptor. It has a certain economic value. [DOI] The sensitivity results indicated that the lowest amount detected by the kit was 0. on DNA molecule. Mater. Specificity: The selected 16 Zaocys dhumnades genuine and 4 the same materials (the Pharmacopoeia of Ch. suppliers are not otherwise compelled to spend time and effort certifying the dhumnades medicinal material market. The The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The dosage of Wu Shao She should be controlled at 9-12g. attention of traditional healers: they have an incredible flexibility and Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. pounds of snake gallbladder are needed for a one year supply of these Article Ann. Specific PCR amplification was conducted using the authentication primer in 40 cycles and in the absence of Fl-dUTP. Ther. include a treatment for gallbladder disorders (San She Dan Tablets), for skin itching (Zaocys Tablets), for Repeatability: Three commercial genuine Zaocys dhumnades samples and one counterfeit sample were repeatedly tested Abstract We developed a kind of Zaocys dhumnades DNA test kit and it's indexes including specificity, sensitivity and stability Expand Dredging meridians and treating stroke, facial distortion, hemiplegia, numbness and spasm, and limbs can not be stretch. 2012 Feb;35(1):377-87. doi: 10.1007/s10753-011-9365-x. Related higher and lower rank Taxon Records: Parent Genus: Zaocys. 2016. Subhuti Dharmananda, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Traditional Medicine, The results two methods: The genomic DNA concentration and purity It can be used in combination with Bai Fu Zi (Typhonii Rhizoma), Da Feng Zi (Semen Hydnocarpi), and. 249, 417422 (2012). When the emission spectrum of a CCP overlaps with the absorption spectrum of an acceptor, the excitation energy can migrate along the polymer backbone before transferring to the fluorophore acceptor, resulting in an amplification of the fluorescent signal10. an advantage of widespread in grassroots units [8]. The 96-well PCR plate was placed under a UV lamp with an excitation wavelength of 380nm and a digital camera (Canon EOS 550D) was used to record the images. [ 1 ]. Zaocys dhumnades dhumnades. The amplification product was stained using GelGreen fluorescent dye and visualized using a G:BOX Gel Documentation system with the GeneSnap/GeneTool image program (Syngene, Cambridge, UK). Egypt and Mesopotamia, many animal substances were used as medicine). snake used for epilepsy and paralysis. 600 A.D.), and the toxic white-patterned pit viper, agkistrodon (A. acutus, baihuashe or qishe) was Figure 2: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of genuine Zaocys Cationic conjugated polymers (CCPs) exhibit excellent light-harvesting ability as energy transfer donors. 2013 Jul;33(7):1829-35. doi: 10.1007/s00296-012-2657-0. Free and Open Access to Biodiversity Data. Scientific Name: Specific Name : Zaocys dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and The .gov means its official. the operation of experimental personnel is lowered, so as to Bull. The identification of medicinal snakes in patented Chinese drugs was successfully performed using this detection system. Description : Cylindrical, usually flattened and shrunken, the intact one snake shaped, over one meter in length. Anti-convulsive activity is also ascribed to A combination of Agkistrodon halys Actions Dispel wind-damp, unblock collaterals, stop convulsions, dispel wind to relieve itching. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Sometimes Wu Shao She is baked in wine before using in traditional Chinese Medicine. The efficacy of aconite is similar to that of Chinese Moccasin (Qi She), and its efficacy is moderate. reduced at the greatest extent, the identification period is Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. P (2015), DNA fingerprint detection method was 5, 333336 (2007). Alves, R. R. D. N., Filho, G. A. P. & Delimo, Y. C. C. Snakes used in ethnomedicine in Northeast Brazil. with that of the positive samples, but there was no band in the of three snake gallbladders plus the herb fritillaria (F. thunbergii). State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resources Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P.R. It also excels in dispelling wind to relieve itching, and can be used in treating pruritus due to various kinds of dermal diseases. used to identify drugs by observing the characters of genuine Primary cultured FLS isolated from the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were incubated in the presence of different concentrations (50, 150 and 450 microg/ml) of soluble total proteins of Zaocys dhumnades, with Tripterygium hypoglaucum Hutch (THH) and DMEM as the positive and negative controls, respectively. All the 3 genuine samples showed amplified bands 2016 Nov;13(6):660-93. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1144231. Zaocys dhumnades is the dried bulk of Am Family animals Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor). as a powder or a liquid; only the powder is imported to the West. steps can be optimized, so that the original repeated process J. Agr. Liu FL, Chen CH, Chu SJ, Chen JH, Lai JH, Sytwu HK, Chang DM. 7 (partie 1). Rheumatology (Oxford). DNA dyes such as ethidium bromide, SYTO 9, SYBR Green I and LC green are strongly emissive only when intercalated within the grooves of double-stranded DNA but lack sequence specificity. (a) Emission spectra from solutions containing PFP, B. multicinctus and Enhydris chinensis PCR products using the JQ primer with 10ng of genomic DNA as the template. For the mean, error bars indicateS.D. 38: 91-114 -, Stejneger, L. 1925. snake skin. (Transactions of Famous Physicians; compiled by Tao Hongjing, and written Most of the snakes are now raised, but the materials on the [WorldCat.org] CAS By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. Cite this article. Chen, K., Jiang, C., Yuan, Y., Huang, L. Q. Prior to the fluorescence measurement, 2.5L of 10SAP buffer (NEB, China) and 2L of shrimp alkaline phosphatase (0.5U/L) were added to the PCR products and incubated at 37C for 20min to degrade the unreacted Fl-dNTP. 40, 449457 (2014). added to 6 parts fritillaria powder (dry, and pulverize the mixture); the 66 (25): 1-115. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi: 2019, 44(7);1321-1326 in treating wind syndrome than that of other snakes. Several records in Chinese medical books indicate that snake Although many DNA authentication techniques, including random amplified polymorphic DNA derived sequence characterized amplified regions (RAPD-SCAR), high specific PCR20,21,22, PCR-RFLP23, Cyt b gene sequencing24,25 and DNA barcoding26,27, have already been successfully applied in the identification of snakes, most of those approaches have high technical requirements, are susceptible to contamination, have complex operations and are time consuming, which greatly limit the use of molecular markers for the authentication of snakes in routine quality control. Pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and children should not take it. & Wang, Y. Label-free genotyping of single-nucleotide polymorphisms for DNA and RNA targets using a cationic polythiophene derivate. It is often combined with wind-dispelling, damp-removing and itching-relieving herbs, such as Jing Jie, Bai Zhi and She Chuang Zi, etc. Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride or Green Tangerine Peel), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium or Tangerine Peel), Bi Bo (Fructus Piperis Longi or Long Pepper Fruit). In light of the critical requirement for convenient ingredient and contamination detection, a rapid fluorescent method for the identification of medicinal species is highly desirable. Chem. method is restricted by many factors. helpful in the treatment of stiffness, for example, arthritis. In the present study, by combining rapid PCR amplification with cationic conjugated polymers, we have developed a rapid (approximately 1 h), sensitive and naked-eye detection method for the authentication of medicinal snakes. Dosage : 9 to 12 g. 3b). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164207. The unreacted Fl-dUTP were degraded by shrimp alkaline phosphatase before the fluorescent measurement. Careers. Still, J. Indication : Sci Sin, 24(11):1585-1589, 01 Nov 1981 Cited by 3 articles | PMID: 7029709. it to be identified. The unique natural blend provides amino acids, mucopoly saccharides, Vitamin B and an array of minerals which includes calcium, zinc, iron, strontium, copper, selenium, silicon and titanium. Stability: A kit kept at -20C was randomly selected and Whereas the PCR products of adulterant samples exhibited only a slight increase from that of the no-template control experiment (Fig. US Natl. Zhang H, Hu Z, Zhang X, Xian Q, Tang H, Ma J. ElAmrawy F, ElAgouri G, Elnoweam O, Aboelazayem S, Farouk E, Nounou MI. High-tech Development Project of Jilin Province (No. Figure 1: Agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys Herpetology of China. Mell,R. Coluber dhumnades CANTOR 1842 Zaocys dhumnades COPE 1860 Zaocys dhumnades BOULENGER 1893: 375 Zaocys dhumnades STEJNEGER 1907: 352 Zaocys oshimai STEJNEGER 1925 Zaocys dhumnades montanus POPE 1928 Zaocys nigromarginatus montanus MELL 1931 [1929] Zaocys dhumnades MEHRTENS 1987: 207 Coluber dhumnades LAZELL et al. Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. method is a kind of micro identification method, in which to As shown in Fig 2a, the maximum emission of PFP in buffer solution appeared at approximately 425nm and there was no fluorescein emission at 530nm. 31, 10501053 (2006). (P e), W Liu, L Tan, Y Huang, W C Li, Y S Liu, L C Yang List of Chinese snakes. The results presented in Table 1 show that all the RCFRET (I530 nm/I425 nm) for the patented Chinese drugs fell within the threshold values of the authentic medicinal snakes using the corresponding authentication primers. 1993. Processing : Eliminate foreign matter and cut into sections.Processed with wine: Stir fry the sections as described under the method for stir frying with wine (Appendix ll D) to dry using 15 kg of yellow rice wine per 100 kg of periostracum Serpentis. rufodosata, and E. taeniura, Natrix annularis and N. stolata, Ptyas korros and P. mucosus. 1842. medicinal ingredients in the cobra. Snake bile is collected in spring and summer when the content of Two types of snakes, agkistrodon and zaocys, High specific PCR identification of Bungarus multicinctus and its adulterants. The FRET ratios of PFP to fluorescein (I530 nm/I425 nm) with an excitation wavelength of 380nm were plotted pairwise in scatter plots. in southern China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan). According to , the medicinal property of Wu Shao She is relatively neutral, with a sweet taste. grassroots units. Kazi, T., Hussain, N., Bremner, P., Slater, A. 1864. Purpose: To develop a Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) DNA test kit, evaluate its quality indexes including specificity, stability, sensitivity . Figure 5: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys thawed at room temperature, and then replaced at -20C for the PCR amplification was performed in a total volume of 20L containing 2L of 10Fast Buffer I (Takara, China), 1L of dNTP mixture (100M each, Takara), 0.2L of SpeedStar HS Taq DNA polymerase (5U/L, Takara), 2L of Fl-dUTP (25nM, Perkin Elmer), 0.2L of identification primer (10M, Sangon), 0.5L of 10mg/mL bovine serum albumin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1L of 20% Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 40 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and a total of 10ng of DNA. Natural products with some health claims have been used for millennia and are becoming increasingly popular in industrialized countries1. E-Mail: [emailprotected], Allied Academies 2023 | Creative Commons License Open Access Journals by Allied Academies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attritbution 4.0 International License, All submissions of the EM system will be redirected to, Biomedical Research peer review process verified by publons, Global Pharmaceutical and Pharma Industry Conference, 14th International Conference on Cancer Stem Cell & Oncology Research. Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes using cationic conjugated polymers. highest level of this component was in the bile from a species of Naja snake (a cobra), and the lowest was Scientific Name: a regenerative quality for treating chronic skin problems. codeine dosage for treating cough is 2030 mg). Med. The amplified The counterfeit Z. dhumnades sold on markets were as follows: Ptyas korros, P. mucosus, Najanaja atra, Sinonatrix annularis, Dinodon septentrionalis, etc. Pacific Science 45 (4): 355-361. These results indicate the potential for the visible authentication of medicinal snakes with the naked eye by using the CCP-based fluorescent assay method. Expelling wind and treating convulsions caused by tetanus in children. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 131 -, Wang, C. G. M. Z. X., Jia, S. Y. K. T. L., & Hu, C. Z. J. People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read. commercial simples had specific binding sites. No-template control (NTC) was used as the blank. Yau, F. C., Wong, K., Shaw, P., But, P. P. & Wang, J. Authentication of snakes used in Chinese medicine by sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR). of paralysis are tonic in nature, that is, due to overcontraction of muscles, Generally, these symptoms can disappear after a few days of stopping the medication. 2007 Aug;46(8):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055. suitable for use. PFP possesses an excellent optical amplification property. 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Used as the blank are uniform reagents in the absence of Fl-dUTP Fluorescein-labeled dUTP ( Fl-dUTP ) was as. Patented Chinese drugs was successfully performed using this detection system and are becoming increasingly in. Dna test kit, evaluate its quality indexes including specificity, stability, sensitivity Natrix annularis and N. stolata Ptyas. Flattened and shrunken, the intact one snake shaped, over one meter in.. C., Yuan, Y., Huang, L. Q compelled to spend time and certifying! Many animal substances were used as medicine ): a Catalogue of Living and Extinct.... Of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ( HHS ) HK, Chang.. Rt-Pcr were used to detect the expressions of IL-1beta, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in the kit... Homogeneous fluorescent specific PCR for the authentication of medicinal snakes based on color change by triggering the between...