The employer must ensure: Finger clearance. Talk to an Expert -Christopher, Timberline Communications Inc. OSHA regulations simplified for a safe and compliant workplace. Figure D-13 - Combination Handrail and Stair Rail. You stated that the freestanding guardrail system meets the 200 pound (890 N) force requirements required by 29 CFR 1926.502(b)(3) and 1910.23(e)(3)(iv) and that you have twice had engineering firms conduct calculations and verify compliance. Response: No; OSHA's construction standards related to guardrail systems (Subpart M - Fall Protection, specifically 29 CFR 1926.502) do not directly address the spacing of posts in between sections of a freestanding modular guardrail system. See OSHA Directive CPL 02-01-034 "Inspection policy and procedures for OSHA's steel erection standards for construction" published on 3/22/2002 for the current policy on OSHA's steel erection standards (1926 Subpart R) for construction. In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure ship stairs (see Figure D-9 of this section): Are installed at a slope of 50 to 70 degrees from the horizontal; Have open risers with a vertical rise between tread surfaces of 6.5 to 12 inches (17 to 30 cm); 1910.25(e)(3) Have minimum tread depth of 4 inches (10 cm); and. Dan Kane When guardrail systems are used at hoist areas, a removable guardrail section, consisting of a top rail and midrail, are placed across the access opening between guardrail sections when employees are not performing hoisting operations. The midrails are placed halfway between the top rail and the walking surface. OSHS doesn't specify the length, it just has to be a sufficient length to protect the employees. Some areas require taller guardrail. Answer: The response is no. This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation of the requirements discussed. Requirements for perimeter columns and perimeter safety cables in the Steel Erection standard. However, fall protection, whether accomplished by guardrails, nets, personal fall arrest systems, etc., is nonetheless required on the roof level at fall heights over 15 feet (with certain exceptions) pursuant to the requirements of 1926.760(a)(1). The ends of handrails and stair rail systems do not present any projection hazards. Toeboard must be added where there is a hazard and continue along the working area that is exposed. Spiral stairs must meet the vertical clearance requirements in paragraph (d)(3) of this section. Simplified Safety was very knowledgeable in terms of OSHA requirements and provided a product that would satisfy OSHA requirements. Are capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 50 pounds (222 N) applied in any downward or outward direction at any point along the toeboard. Similarly, OSHA's general industry standards related to guardrail systems (Subpart D Walking-Working Surfaces, specifically 29 CFR 1910.23) do not directly address the spacing of posts in between sections of a freestanding modular guardrail system. The employer must ensure guardrail systems meet the following requirements: The top edge height of top rails, or equivalent guardrail system members, are 42 inches (107 cm), plus or minus 3 inches (8 cm), above the walking-working surface. Here is everything you need to know about the key differences. Hispassion is to be a resource his clients can count on when loss control and risk management consulting is needed. The minimum guardrail system height requirement of the majority of codes is 42 inches plus or minus 3 inches. Get a quote, configure a custom stair or ask a question. Thats why weve compiled this guide to OSHA stair requirements. 1910.25(b)(4). Identifying your fall hazards is just one part of ensuring a safe work environment, it's also important to understand OSHA railing requirements to ensure your facility is compliant. Handrails and the top rails of stair rail systems are capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 pounds (890 N) applied in any downward or outward direction within 2 inches (5 cm) of any point along the top edge of the rail. Read More: OSHA Catwalk Standards However, cast-in-place concrete structures may transition from wood guard rails to cable guardrails installed by carpenters. Mr. B. J. Newton Your Posts Must Be Tall Enough for Your Application Most state and local codes require railing posts to be 36 inches tall for residential applications. We have paraphrased your question below: Fall hazards over 48 inches are addressed. Toeboards Omitted ensure toeboards, that are a minimum of 4 in height and do not exceed a gap from the walking/working surface, are present around all open sides. You can also learn more about the difference between IBC and OSHA safety codes here. Stair rail or stair rail systemmeans a barrier erected along the exposed or open side of stairways to prevent employees from falling to a lower level. He's also an authorized OSHA Outreach Trainer. Talk with our knowledgeable and friendly stair experts, Shep Davis Account ManagerSouth East Region. 1910.29(j) Personal fall protection systems. Wire rope and/or cable as a method of perimeter protection for a building under construction. The employer must ensure each grab handle: [81 FR 82994-82998, Nov. 18, 2016; 84 FR 68796, Dec. 17, 2019], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Contact us for expert assistance with your fall arrest, fall restraint and fall protection requirements System Types "L" and "T" Column Style Lifelines View "L" and "T" Column Style Lifelines Continuous Pass Through Systems (3) Wood top railings shall be smooth and of 2-inch by 4-inch or larger material. By connecting a body harness and lanyard to a shuttle traveling the length of the line, a worker can safely move along a horizontal (or vertical) plane. These toeboards shall be secured in place as required by the Standards. If posts are spaced more than 8-feet on center, it will no longer be OSHA compliant. For guardrail systems used around holes through which materials may be passed: When materials are being passed through the hole, not more than two sides of the guardrail system are removed; and. Standard stairs. Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. Prefabricated Metal Stairs, Easy to Assemble and Ready to Ship. Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. The employer must ensure each cover for a hole in a walking-working surface: 1910.29 (e) (1) Is capable of supporting without failure, at least twice the maximum intended load that may be imposed on the cover at any one time; and 1910.29 (e) (2) Is secured to prevent accidental displacement. Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. Projection hazards. ], Occupational Safety & Health Administration, "Floor periphery - safety railing. ErectaStep also has a line of commercial stairs with OSHA or IBC compliance options. 1910.29(f)(3) - Surfaces. Is physically capable, as demonstrated through observations of actual climbing activities or by a physical examination, to perform the duties that may be assigned, including climbing fixed ladders without fall protection; Has successfully completed a training or apprenticeship program that includes hands-on training on the safe climbing of ladders and is retrained as necessary to maintain the necessary skills; Has the skill to climb ladders safely, as demonstrated through formal classroom training or on-the-job training, and performance observation; and. Provide and install all fall protection systems and falling object protection this subpart requires, and comply with the other requirements in this subpart before any employee begins work that necessitates fall or falling object protection. You can also contact us by mail at the above office, Room N3468, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20210, although there will be a delay in our receiving correspondence by mail. Therefore in Region III, for the purpose of complying with OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1926.750(b)(1)(iii), a safety railing that meets the following criteria would be considered to be equal to a -inch wire rope: If you require any additional information regarding this matter, please contact [the Directorate of Construction at 202 693-2020]. TERMS OF USE|PRIVACY POLICY|SITEMAP|LEGAL NOTICE|INCOME DISCLOSURE. Safety cable guardrails can provide OSHA compliant fall protection for employees on a construction project. OSHA requires guardrail posts to be spaced no more than 8-feet apart on center, no matter if its wood, pipe railing, or structural steel. (1) For wood railings: Wood components shall be minimum 1500 lb-ft/in(2) fiber (stress grade) construction grade lumber; the posts shall be at least 2-inch by 4-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) lumber spaced not more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers; the top rail shall be at least 2-inch by 4-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) lumber, the intermediate rail shall be at least 1-inch by 6-inch (2.5 cm x 15 cm) lumber. OSHA standard 1926.502(b)(3) requires guardrails to withstand a 200-pound concentrated load. John B. All openings in guardrail systems are small enough to prevent objects from falling through the opening. Handrails are not less than 30 inches (76 cm) and not more than 38 inches (97 cm), as measured from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the handrail (see Figure D-12 of this section). Doug graduated from Illinois State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Safety Management. If you need additional information, please contact us by fax at: U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA, Directorate of Construction, Office of Construction Standards and Guidance, fax # 202-693-1689. You had a specific question regarding a modular guardrail system. Chain shall be not less than 1/4 inch alloy steel. RISERS must be uniform between landings, 30-50 deg, 9.5" H. WIDTH 22" between railings. This is in response to your letter of June 20, 2003, to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) concerning requirements in the steel erection standard regarding perimeter columns and perimeter safety cables. When there's no wall or parapet higher than 21 inches, gaps larger than 19 inches are non-compliant, according to OSHA 1910.29(b)(2). MOdErn sTEEl COnsTruCTiOn feBruary 2009 U.S. Department of . Although they can provide adequate protection at perimeter edges, they often have issues with the way they are installed. (1) For wood railings: Wood components shall be minimum 1500 lb-ft/in (2) fiber (stress grade) construction grade lumber; the posts shall be at least 2-inch by 4-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) lumber spaced not more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers; the top rail shall be at least 2-inch by 4-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) lumber, the intermediate rail shall be at Are solid or do not have any opening that exceeds 1 inch (3 cm) at its greatest dimension. The employer must ensure: Platforms used with fixed ladders provide a horizontal surface of at least 24 inches by 30 inches (61 cm by 76 cm). Miles, Jr., Director Question 1: Is orange plastic-coated 3/16-inch aircraft wire "equal" to -inch wire rope? Note to paragraph (g):
Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. Toeboards are required whenever there is a possibility of objects falling to a lower level and injuring workers below. Intermediate vertical members, such as balusters cannot be more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart. Guardrail systems are capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 pounds (890 N) applied in a downward or outward direction within 2 inches (5 cm) of the top edge, at any point along the top rail. Manila or synthetic rope used for top rails or midrails are inspected as necessary to ensure that the rope continues to meet the strength requirements in paragraphs (b)(3) and (5) of this section. He is a member of the American Society of Safety Professionals (ASSP). Handrails have the shape and dimension necessary so that employees can grasp the handrail firmly. The top edge height may exceed 45 inches (114 cm), provided the guardrail system meets all other criteria of paragraph (b) of this section (see Figure D-11 of this section). Diamond Tool and Fasteners, Inc. Warning lines are to be supported so the lowest point of the sag is no less than 34 inches and no more than 39 inches from the walking/working surface. 1910.25(f) Alternating tread-type stairs. This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation of only the requirements discussed and may not be applicable to any question not delineated in your original correspondence. Photos: Livers Bronze Co. feBruary 2009 MOdErn sTEEl COnsTruCTiOn. Safety Railing ADA Handrails ADA Guidelines ADA Standards, Guidelines & Recommendations More ADA Handrail Resources ADA Handrail System Learn more about the ADA compliant handrail system that we offer. Below is a quick reference guide for ensuring your facility is OSHA compliant. Safety Tips for Cable Guardrails on Construction Sites, Construction Motor Vehicles: How to Stay DOT Compliant, The top cable is 42 +/- 3 in height from the walking surface, The middle cable is approximately 21 in height from the walking surface, The cable system must be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 lbs. These safety standards cover all types of guardrails and have specific regulations for their construction and use. The first shows the walking-working surface, posts, and mid rail for guard system. wide. These anchors shall be of sufficient strength to support the imposed loads without deflection. Mr. GENERAL new or replacement ladders 24 H require PFAS or LSS, RUNGS must be uniform and between 10 14 apart; 16 wide, CLEARANCES 30 on climbing side or 24 w/ deflector plate, 7 on back side, 15 from centerline, SAFETY GATE must have a self-closing gate that swings away from ladder, w/top rail and midrail. If the railing dips below 39 inches, due to the force, the railing is not OSHA compliant. Railings should be able to support a force of at least 200 lb (890 N) in any direction, downward or outward, without failing, to be OSHA compliant according to code 1920.29. REGIONAL ADMINISTRATOR Guardrail height must be between 39 inches and 45 inches. Body belts, harnesses, and other components used in personal fall arrest systems, work positioning systems, and travel restraint systems must meet the requirements of 1910.140. From time to time, letters are affected when the Agency updates a standard, a legal decision impacts a standard, or changes in technology affect the interpretation. (3) The maximum deflection of the top rail when a load of 200 pounds is applied in any direction at any point on the top rail shall not exceed 3 inches in one direction which includes the free hanging sag in the wire rope. Categories: . Handrails and stair rail systems are smooth-surfaced to protect employees from injury, such as punctures or lacerations, and to prevent catching or snagging of clothing. If constructed of structural metal, the top . Specifically, the following sections are the most relevant to railing and guardrail for fall protection. OSHA's requirements for guardrail can be found on the OSHA website. The ladder should be placed 7 IN (18 CM) Min on Center and 15 IN (38 CM) MIN from either left or right side with a total space of 27 IN-30 IN (69 CM-76 CM) for well opening, Figure D-15 -- Example of General Construction of Cages. width): Each flight of stairs having at least 3 treads and at least 4 risers are equipped with stair rail systems and handrails. in height, an installed railing will require midrails, screens, solid panels, or other equivalence. The height of the toeboard must be at least 3 inches (8.9 cm) high from the ground to the top edge and be able to withstand a force of 50 lb (222 N) in any direction. These systems are initially compliant, but when tampered with or removed by others throughout the course of construction and not replaced properly, they can be a safety concern. HEIGHT CLEARANCE minimum 6'6" clearance from nose of tread . Commonwealth of Virginia Plus, it's a safe option for kids and guests of all ages. [59 FR 40743, Aug. 9, 1994; 60 FR 5131, Jan. 26, 1995], Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Guardrail Systems - Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.502(b), Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, 1926 Subpart M App B - Guardrail Systems - Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.502(b). Mid-rails, mesh screens, and other architectural panels must be installed so that the openings are not more than 19 inches (48 cm.) [Correction 6/20/2005. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. OSHA also requires the surface of the railing itself must be smooth to protect employees from injuries; such as cuts, punctures and to prevent snagging. In their simplest form, cable fall protection systems consist of wire rope secured by a series of terminal and intermediate anchor points. Toeboards may be omitted around vehicle repair, service, or assembly pits when the employer can demonstrate that a toeboard would prevent access to a vehicle that is over the pit. General Industry Safety Orders Group 1. Next, check and use torque wrench to retighten nuts to recommended torque. Lastly, the preferred method to terminating the wire rope or splicing two wire ropes together is to turnback the ends through each eye as seen in the diagrams. Spacing of the posts in between modular guardrail system sections. The midrails should be placed halfway between the top edge of the railing and the working-walking surface. Therefore, the perimeter columns are not required to extend 48 inches beyond the roof level. The tensioning device shall have a breaking strength of not less than 10,000 pounds. The first is Access to Landing Platform through Ladder. or ladder safety system provided that the cage or well does not interfere with the operation of the system. There can be a lot of rules to follow, but knowing and understanding them is crucial to workplace safety.Here are 4 crucial steps to ensure safety at your job site and avoid OSHA citations. The NFPA is overseen and enforced by local re marshals - not the building inspector. The third is Hoop and See. OSHA has a requirement that hand rails, posts, and top and intermediate rails shall be at least 1-1/2 inch nominal diameter, with posts spaced not more than 8 feet on centers. Guardrail systems are smooth-surfaced to protect employees from injury, such as punctures or lacerations, and to prevent catching or snagging of clothing. Cal-OSHA is notorious for having more stringent requirements. If the cable spacing is more than 3" o.c.) 1910.29 (f) Handrails and stair rail systems. The criteria and practices requirements for guardrail systems on scaffolds are contained in 29 CFR part 1926, subpart L. Figure D-11 -- Guard Rail Systems. Territory Safety Coordinator When the 200-pound (890-N) test load is applied in a downward direction, the top rail of the guardrail system must not deflect to a height of less than 39 inches (99 cm) above the walking-working surface. | Occupational Safety and Health Administration Standard Interpretations Wire rope and/or cable as a method of perimeter protection for a building under construction. OSHA does not require railing to be mounted to a supporting structure. When the employer uses a designated area, the employer must ensure: Employees remain within the designated area while work operations are underway; and. Related Resources Yarding workers manually or mechanically (using skidders and yarders) activate the cable . The employer must ensure canopies used for falling object protection are strong enough to prevent collapse and to prevent penetration by falling objects. Current ErectaStep tread depth (i.e. However, the guidelines do not provide all the information necessary to build a complete system, and the employer is still responsible for designing and assembling these components in such a way that the completed system will meet the requirements of 1926.502(b)(3), (4), and (5). Is capable of withstanding a maximum horizontal pull-out force equal to two times the maximum intended load or 200 pounds (890 N), whichever is greater. Caution signs Warn against potential hazards or caution against unsafe practices. California does not use NFPA 101). This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation of the requirements discussed. Assuming the reliability of the statements made regarding the guardrail system and when installed as indicated in the photograph you provided, it appears that the 6" spacing of posts in between sections of the freestanding modular guardrail system does not violate an OSHA standard. Chicago, Illinois 60603. RAILINGS open-sided stairs < 44" require 1 stair rail/side; open-sided stairs > 44" require 1 stair rail and 1 separate handrail/side. ErectaSteps line of industrial modular metal stairs and industrial maintenance access platforms feature modular, lightweight metal stair components that are as easy to reconfigure as they are to assemble. We're here to help! The clean lines of cable are modern and minimalist, and choosing slim or side mount posts can save space on your deck. This paragraph (h) applies only to employers engaged in outdoor advertising operations (see 1910.28(b)(10)). If properly constructed and maintained, cable guardrails can provide compliant fall protection in numerous situations. OSHA addresses stacks of items, including pallets, in standard 1910.176 (b), which states that "storage of material shall not create a hazard," and that "bags, containers, bundles, etc., stored in tiers shall be stacked, blocked, interlocked, and limited in height so that they are stable and secure against sliding or collapse.". However, they must be continuously inspected and maintained to ensure compliance with OSHA 1926 Subpart M standards. Specific OSHA stair requirements including riser height, tread depth, tread nosing, and stair landings are available in this post: OSHA Compliant Stairs: ErectaSteps Industrial and Commercial Stairs. Laddermeans a device with rungs, steps, or cleats used to gain access to a different elevation. 1910.25(e)(4) Have a minimum tread width of 18 inches (46 cm). Surfaces. You must have JavaScript enabled in your browser to utilize the functionality of this website. The material must be durable, the top rail and the midrail must be at least 1/4 inch (.6 cm) in diameter. It is important that the railing should not only protect the employee from a fall, but it cannot pose any other hazards. One stair rail system with handrail on each open side and one intermediate handrail located in the middle of the stair. The fifth is Basked Guard Hoop showing Angle from Ladder. Ensure each fall protection system and falling object protection, other than personal fall protection systems, that this part requires meets the requirements in this section. One of ErectaSteps components is bolt on aluminum ladders. Spacing, installation torque, and other instructions still apply. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. Steel banding and plastic banding are not used for top rails or midrails. When it comes to keeping your workplace productive theres nothing more important than safety. spacing for intermediate rails. Therefore, it does not require perimeter safety cables on the roof level. 1910.25(b) General requirements. Safety Director The height of stair rail systems meets the following: The height of stair rail systems installed before January 17, 2017 is not less than 30 inches (76 cm) from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the top rail; and. 2800 Grays Ferry Avenue Have a minimum vertical height of 3.5 inches (9 cm) as measured from the top edge of the toeboard to the level of the walking-working surface. or the cable horizontal span is too great, if the intermediate posts spaced too far apart (more than 42" of horizontal distance o.c. applied within 2 of the top edge in an outward or downward direction, When tested in a downward direction, the cable must not deflect to a height of less than 39 from the walking surface, The cable must be at least in diameter, Flagging must be present at a minimum of 6 intervals with high-visibility material, Must have a smooth surface so an employee does not sustain a puncture, laceration, or possibly snag their clothing, The system is properly spliced or terminated at walls, columns and posts. OSHA requires railing to be .25-inches (.6 cm) in diameter or thickness. There is at least one 3/16-inch aircraft cable (Galvanized and tinned aircraft cord and strand Construction 1x19 - Nominal Breaking Strength 4700 pounds) that has a greater nominal breaking strength than does at least one type of -inch wire rope (Iron Galvanized Running Rope - Construction 6x12 - Nominal Breaking Strength 4560 pounds). As an employer, it is your responsibility to ensure all workers have adequate fall protection and falling object protection including handrails, stair rail systems, and guardrail systems according to OSHA standard 1910.28. Since cables or chains are commonly used as barriers or guards on construction projects at floor and wall openings and to establish uniformity in this Region, the following criteria will govern the use of cable and chain as guards. We hope you find this information helpful. He holds his Construction Health & Safety Technician and Certified Safety Professional designations. Diversified Fall Protection a complete turnkey provider of OSHA compliant horizontal lifeline systems. Is secured to prevent accidental displacement. Box 12064 6. OSHA provides a range for the railings to ensure your system is safe and compliant. ), or if the cables are not adequately tensioned, the system may fail this safety test. OSHA1910.25covers standards for all stairways (including a standard, spiral, ship, and alternating tread-type stairs). To keep apprised of such developments, you can consult OSHA's website at https://www.osha.gov. Quote, configure a custom stair or ask a question regional ADMINISTRATOR guardrail height be... Safe option for kids and guests of all osha safety cable post spacing pose any other hazards question below fall. Specify the length, it just has to be a resource his clients can count on loss. 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